Souring Relations essays

Souring Relations essays In the years between 1754 and 1774 the relationship between the American colonies and Great Britain soured tremendously. These tensions were caused by an onslaught of events that kept separating the colonies from Britain. Some of these events were the Stamp Act, the Quartering act of1765, the Currency Act of 1764, and the rejection of the Albany plan. Extensive documentation related to the events and American propaganda against Britain expose how Britain's extensive abuse of the colonies led to the hostilities of the American Revolution. The Stamp Act, which was a tax on all documents processed by the colonial government in order to help pay for the expenses of defense was a major cause of discontent of Americans towards Britain. Document G states that the stamp act was supposed to require any citizen to pay three pence on any parchment, piece of paper, declaration, or any copy thereof, passed through in any court of law in the American colonies. The image in Document H uses a skull and crossed bones, which synonymous of bad and evil, to depict the distraught the Stamp Act. The editors of the image believed that the Stamp Act was a threat to their liberties. Document I is a formal response from the Stamp Act Congress to Parliament stating that it was the American's opinion that this act was not respecting their essential rights and liberties. In this document the congress outlines the privileges, they had by being colonial subject of them. The document specifically mentioned, the right to trial by jury, the f act they were not represented in the House of Commons, and that Englishmen should not be taxed without their own consent among others. The Stamp Act Riots in New York in 1765 examined in Document J. These riots were a prime of example of the distraught the Stamp Act caused. The document states that about 5000 people of New York attended the burning of the stamps. Although the Stamp Act was important in the divergenc...

An Introduction to the Cold War in Europe

An Introduction to the Cold War in Europe The Cold War was a twentieth-century conflict between the United States of America (U.S.), the Soviet Union (USSR), and their respective allies over political, economic, and military issues, often described as a struggle between capitalism and communism- but the issues were actually far grayer than that. In Europe, this meant the US-led West and NATO on one side and Soviet-led East and the Warsaw Pact on the other. The Cold War lasted from 1945 to the collapse of the USSR in 1991. Why Cold War? The war was cold because there was never a direct military engagement between the two leaders, the U.S. and the USSR, although shots were exchanged in the air during the Korean War. There were plenty of proxy wars around the world as states supported by either side fought, but in terms of the two leaders, and in terms of Europe, the two never fought a regular war. Origins of the Cold War in Europe The aftermath of World War II left the United States and Russia as the dominant military powers in the world, but they had very different forms of government and economy- the former a capitalist democracy, the latter a communist dictatorship. The two nations were rivals that feared each other, each ideologically opposed. The war also left Russia in control of large areas of Eastern Europe, and the US-led Allies in control of the West. While the Allies restored democracy in their regions, Russia began making Soviet satellites out of its liberated lands; the split between the two was dubbed the Iron Curtain. In reality, there had been no liberation, just a new conquest by the USSR. The West feared a communist invasion, physical and ideological, that would turn them into communist states with a Stalin-style leader- the worst possible option- and for many, it caused a fear over mainstream socialism, too. The U.S. countered with the Truman Doctrine, with its policy of containment to stop communism spreading- it also turned the world into a giant map of allies and enemies, with the US pledging to prevent the communists from extending their power, a process that led to the West supporting some terrible regimes- and the Marshall Plan, massive aid aimed at supporting collapsing economies that were letting communist sympathizers gain power. Military alliances were formed as the West grouped together as NATO, and the East banded together as the Warsaw Pact. By 1951, Europe was divided into two power blocs, American-led and Soviet-led, each with atomic weapons. A cold war followed, spreading globally and leading to a nuclear standoff. The Berlin Blockade The first time the former allies acted as certain enemies was the Berlin Blockade. Postwar Germany was divided into four parts and occupied by the former Allies; Berlin, situated in the Soviet zone, was also divided. In 1948, Stalin enforced a blockade of Berlin aimed at bluffing the Allies into renegotiating the division of Germany in his favor rather than invading. Supplies could not get through to a city, which relied on them, and the winter was a serious problem. The Allies responded with neither of the options Stalin thought he was giving them, but started the Berlin Airlift: for 11 months, supplies were flown into Berlin via Allied aircraft, bluffing that Stalin wouldn’t shoot them down and cause a hot war. He didn’t. The blockade was ended in May 1949 when Stalin gave up. Budapest Rising Stalin died in 1953, and hopes of a thaw were raised when new leader Nikita Khrushchev began a process of de-Stalinization. In May 1955, as well as forming the Warsaw Pact, he signed an agreement with the Allies to leave Austria and make it neutral. The thaw only lasted until the Budapest Rising in 1956: the communist government of Hungary, faced with internal calls for reform, collapsed and an uprising forced troops to leave Budapest. The Russian response was to have the Red Army occupy the city and put a new government in charge. The West was highly critical but, partly distracted by the Suez Crisis, did nothing to help except get frostier toward the Soviets. The Berlin Crisis and the V-2 Incident Fearing a reborn West Germany allied with  the U.S., Khrushchev offered concessions in return for a united, neutral Germany in 1958. A Paris summit for talks was derailed when Russia shot down a U.S. U-2 spy plane flying over its territory. Khrushchev pulled out of the summit and disarmament talks. The incident was a useful out for Khrushchev, who was under pressure from hardliners within Russia for giving away too much. Under pressure from the East German leader to stop refugees fleeing to the West, and with no progress on making Germany neutral, the Berlin Wall was built, a complete barrier between East and West Berlin. It became the physical representation of the Cold War. Cold War in Europe in the 60s and 70s Despite the tensions and fear of nuclear war, the Cold War division between East and West proved surprisingly stable after 1961, despite French anti-Americanism and Russia crushing the Prague Spring. There was instead conflict on the global stage, with the Cuban Missile Crisis and Vietnam. For much of the  60s and 70s, a program of dà ©tente was followed: a long series of talks that made some success in stabilizing the war and equalizing arms numbers. Germany negotiated with the East under a policy of Ostpolitik. The fear of mutually assured destruction helped prevent direct conflict- the belief that if you launched your missiles, you would be destroyed by your enemies, and it was better to not fire at all than to destroy everything. The 80s and the New Cold War By the 1980s, Russia appeared to be winning, with a more productive economy, better missiles, and a growing navy, even though the system was corrupt and built on propaganda. America, once again fearing Russian domination, moved to rearm and build up forces, including placing many new missiles in Europe (not without local opposition). US President Ronald Reagan increased defense spending vastly, starting the Strategic Defense Initiative to defend against nuclear attacks, an end to Mutually Assured Destruction. At the same time, Russian forces entered Afghanistan, a war they would ultimately lose. End of the Cold War in Europe Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev died in 1982, and his successor, realizing change was needed in a crumbling Russia and its strained satellites, which they felt were losing a renewed arms race, promoted several reformers. One, Mikhail Gorbachev, rose to power in 1985 with policies of Glasnost and Perestroika and decided to end the cold war and give away the satellite empire to save Russia itself. After agreeing with the U.S. to reduce nuclear weapons, in 1988 he addressed the UN, explaining the end of the Cold War by renouncing the Brezhnev Doctrine, allowing political choice in the previously dictated-to satellite states of Eastern Europe, and pulling Russia out of the arms race. The speed of Gorbachev’s actions unsettled the West, and there were fears of violence, especially in East Germany where the leaders talked of their own Tiananmen Square type uprising. However, Poland negotiated free elections, Hungary opened its borders, and East German leader Honecker resigned when it became apparent the Soviets would not support him. The East German leadership withered away and the Berlin Wall fell ten days later. Romania overthrew its dictator and the Soviet satellites emerged from behind the Iron Curtain. The Soviet Union itself was the next to fall. In 1991, communist hardliners attempted a coup against Gorbachev; they were defeated, and Boris Yeltsin became leader. He dissolved the USSR, instead creating the Russian Federation. The communist era, begun in 1917, was now over, and so was the Cold War. Conclusion Some books, although stressing the nuclear confrontation that came perilously close to destroying vast areas of the world, point out that this nuclear threat was most closely triggered in areas outside Europe, and that the continent, in fact, enjoyed 50 years of peace and stability, which were sorely lacking in the first half of the twentieth century. This view is probably best balanced by the fact that much of Eastern Europe was, in effect, subjugated for the whole period by Soviet Russia. The D-Day  landings, while often overstated in their importance to the downhill of Nazi Germany, were in many ways the key battle of the Cold War in Europe, enabling Allied forces to liberate much of Western Europe before Soviet forces got there instead. The conflict has often been described as a substitute for a final post–Second World War peace settlement that never came, and the Cold War deeply permeated life in the East and West, affecting culture and society as well as politics and the military. The Cold War has also often been described as a contest between democracy and communism while, in reality, the situation was more complicated, with the democratic side, led by the U.S., supporting some distinctly nondemocratic, brutally authoritarian regimes in order to keep countries from coming under the Soviet sphere of influence.

Josiah Wedgwood's Pottery Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Josiah Wedgwood's Pottery - Case Study Example This essay declares that  Wedgwood understood that in order for his wares to become more desirable they would need to be more than perfectly produced. They needed a boost in status. Wedgwood felt they needed to transcend the universal opinion that all earthenware was inferior to porcelain. This was key if his creamware was to gain popularity, and most importantly, fetch the high porcelain prices he hoped for.   To achieve this, Wedgwood took a unique approach: he actively sought out royal patronage.   Before Wedgwood, Staffordshire potters had used their social status and money to promote their wares, but Wedgwood used his skill and the high quality of his wares to promote its social status, and his. Wedgwood’s set of â€Å"tea things† for Queen Charlotte was a success and just the boost in status his wares needed.   For England, unlike on the Continent, this was the first royal commission of local ceramics, and it was a major endorsement.  This paper stresses that  Wedgwood had the foresight to predict that the commission would bring him the powerful selling tool of prestige.   Although Wedgwood was confident that he should take the commission, he was concerned about whether he could successfully execute it. Of particular concern for Wedgwood was the gilding. Wedgwood consulted other potters, and eventually perfected a gilding method using powdered gold. Wedgwood’s end product was a success and the Queen was so pleased that she agreed to rename Wedgwood’s creamware â€Å"Queensware.†... ctives, Wedgwood formed a group of committee trustees to assist with investing not only with road improvements but also with canal constructions as well, because the latter was more efficient form of transport. Eventually, Wedgwood triumphed and the canal was built in the path of his new estate. The Trent and Mersey Canal was to become the main artery of the Grand Trunk Canal, which would have an extension leading to London. Wedgwood's transportation improvement goals became a reality. Wedgwood understood that in order for his wares to become more desirable they would need to be more than perfectly produced. They needed a boost in status. Wedgwood felt they needed to transcend the universal opinion that all earthenware was inferior to porcelain. This was key if his creamware was to gain popularity, and most importantly, fetch the high porcelain prices he hoped for. To achieve this, Wedgwood took a unique approach: he actively sought out royal patronage. Before Wedgwood, Staffordshire potters had used their social status and money to promote their wares, but Wedgwood used his skill and the high quality of his wares to promote its social status, and his. Wedgwood's set of "tea things" for Queen Charlotte was a success and just the boost in status his wares needed. For England, unlike on the Continent, this was the first royal commission of local ceramics, and it was a major endorsement. Wedgwood was offered the commission either, as he expressed in a letter to his br other "... because nobody else would undertake it..." or perhaps because the first potter had failed (Reilly, I, 200). Whichever was the case, Wedgwood had the foresight to predict that the commission would bring him the powerful selling tool of prestige. Although Wedgwood was confident that he should

Analyzing Geoff Moore's Chasm Model Research Paper

Analyzing Geoff Moore's Chasm Model - Research Paper Example This group needs to be first taken into consideration for they would help in endorsing the new technology being introduced. The second group relates to such people who are known as the early adopters. These people tend to identify the benefits related to a technological innovation and thereby tend to increasingly link such benefits to the operations conducted in their firm or organization. Further these people tend to work more based on the level of their intuition and thereby does not tend to depend on any referred source of study or knowledge. The third adopter segment identified in this model is referred to as early majority. Like early adopters these people also work on their level of intuition in regards to decision making or purchase actions. However unlike early adopters these people work in a pragmatic fashion such that they measure or evaluate their actions against referred or authentic sources of information. Hence they not only successful into entering new territories but also can gain high amount of revenue and profits. Another adopter group in the fourth category relates to late majority people. These people however tend to avoid being drawn to new technologies or innovations. Rather they tend to depend on standardized and well recognized sources to gain resources for their business. Thus gaining over this source helps the research and development team to counter the loss of profits and rather meet the expenses incurred. The final group of adopters in the fifth category relate to a population known as laggards that do not go for new technology products. Rather they tend to depend on other products for their survival. Moore’s Chasm thus refers to the difference between the two segments of technological diffusion relating to the early adopters and the groups known as the early majority. The first group is understood as potential visionaries that tend to bring about new thoughts and ideologies while the latter are held to depend on pragmatic id eas (Dams 88; Moore 12-13). The Chasm Model in Regards to Consumer Behavior The Chasm theory of Moore’s when dealt in regards to consumer behavior identifies early adopters as those people that rush over to the market place in sight of new technology or products being introduced. In other words the early adopter group of consumers tends to take to higher purchase risks in that they go for untested products that have been introduced in the market. However it must also be understood in here that the early adopters also endeavor to look for specific value in regards to the products they ought to procure from the market. Thus a separate culture needs to be developed where the consumers would be introduced to the values and benefits they ought to obtain from the product or service. Unlike the early adopters the early majority consists of such population groups that would not go for rightly procuring a product or service unless and until they have rightly evaluated such to satisfy their needs and aspirations. Henceforth these people need not be introduced to values and benefits of the products. Rather they endeavor to conduct a market research on the people who have been using such product or service. The process through which the behavior pattern of the early adopters can be infused to look for proper benefits and positive experiences before procuring such can be held as a means to earn a breakthrough in

Graphic communication Essay Example for Free

Graphic communication Essay Sch 31: Promote communication in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings. 1.2 Explain how communication affects relationships in the work setting. Communication plays a massive part once building a relationship in the work setting. By regularly keeping effective communication between practioners, parents/careers and children makes a positive working environment. The relationships are mostly based on the type of communication between one another, communication is not just by verbally but also the body language we show, facial expressions and our gestures. Communication with children and young people is very important. When a child is new to the setting you would want them to feel comfortable and safe in your company away from parents/ careers. As of when the children and young people does feel positively about the new environment around then helps the parent/career of that child to feel relaxed and comfortable to hand over their child into your care knowing they will have an enjoyable experience. The main way to build positive communication with the child/ young person is through play, as you talk with them during activities the child would become more relaxed as you ask questions about their games and actions, by showing interest into the child’s/ young persons holistic development will then build a positive relationship with that child/ young person. By showing positive body language in the setting, shows an invitation to the child/ young person that you’re there to play games, do activities and be there to have a conversation. Lowering down to the child’s/ young person’s level which will then put you into the position to engage in eye contact, this will make the child/ young person feel like you are more approachable to communicate with for example; ask you questions. When verbally communicating between you and the child the tone of your voice is very important, the child will pick up on the way you say things more than what you said as this will tell them if you’re being positive towards them; talking with them, or either being direct; talking to them. Not only do you talk to them but also the child will response, or even approach you first to communicate; either for a general conversation or to ask a question. All children are different, either it is by the way they’re brought up, their culture, have different beliefs, and in the way they communicate for example; English is an additional language. If you had a child in the nursery who had English as a second language, and knew few words, verbally communicating with this child wouldn’t be the first thing you would do. There are loads of different ways to do this for example; using picture cars with words, not only will this technique help communicate but also help build the childs English vocabulary. Another being demonstrating, for example; in an activity, lets say gluing and sticking, show the child what to do by demonstrating the activity for them to then copy your actions. Communication is very important, not only with the child/ young person but also their parents/ careers. Parents and careers need to be kept updated with everything that happens with their child/children and information that they need to know about the nursery itself. The stronger the relationship between the practioners and the parent/ career the stronger the trust the parents/ careers have with their child/ children in your care. Information should be shared on a day to day basis between the practioner and the parent/ career abpout everything that happens in the nursery. This information can be shared in different ways depending on the confidentiality. Information for all parents to know who have children at the nursery should be notices such as for example; new children joining the group, allergies that children have prompting the parent/ career about the foods the child should be allowed to take into the nursery, changes to day plans (hours, activities, trips). This sort of information can be transferred by sending out a newsletter to the parents/ careers individually when they drop off of pick up their child/ children, a notice board inside/ outside of the nursery for everyone to read, emailing or texting to the parents/ careers as this could be an easier way for them. On the other hand information more confidential about an individual should just be kept between that parent/career of the child/ children and the practioner who is giving the information. This information can be transferred by a letter, email and a text but in my opinion this sort of nonverbal communication just doesn’t seem formal or appropriate. Information like this should either be told over a phonecall or even face to face at the beginning or end of the school day; Taking the parent / career aside to have a conversation in a private room away from other parents and practioners. The information given would be topics such as, the child’s behaviour; if they are being disruptive, not listening to the staff harming other children, or even if the child seems upset and won’t join in on different activities and games set. Sometimes communicating can’t always be as easy as having a conversation or written communication for example; a child’s information profile. A parent/ career can be harder to approach in different situations for example; the parent/ career has English as an additional language and knows some English but not enough to have a general conversation about the child, in this situation more verbal communication would be easier to approach than written communication. Also a parent/ career with dyslexia, verbal communication is easier to approach, especially when information is need on the childs profile for in the nursery, so in this scenario, the parent or career would have to verbally share this information with the practioner for them to record this information. As long as the parent/ career is knowledgeable of what is happening with their child and the nursery they will feel comfortable and trusting with their child in the care of the nursery. Keeping communication strong between yourself and work colleagues is very important as the information you share between one another is what will keep the nursery running where as if this communication was at a poor standard then no information will get told to everyone, people including staff, the parents/ careers and children. The sort of communication that would be between colleagues mostly on a day to day basis would be verbally, when in the work setting, such things being for example; about activities and games, day plans, child absences, food times and parents drop off and pick up times. Also this all doesn’t need to be verbally if it’s the same information to be transferred to each member of staff every day, there could be for example a chart e.g; in the baby room a chart been posted up on each child’s different feeding and sleeping patterns. Building a strong relationship with colleagues would make life in your setting more comfortable, easier to work with one another and just better to talk to each other. Also by having a stable relationship communicating with each other will keep all of the staff up to date with everything happening. Communicating with colleague to colleague is a different to which you would talk to a child or a parent/ career. Speaking to a colleague would be less formal than anyone else as in the work setting you would build a strong friendship as well as just a work relationship. On the other hand when speaking to a profession outside of the nursery such as a special educational needs coordinator you would communicate in a more formal way and confidentially would be strict. Of a profession like this you would communicate verbally face to face with them, or by even email, sharing the sort of information about a child they’re there to study. The different professions would need trust in you and the rest of the staff to make sure this child/ children don’t feel left out because they’re different and that you respect and look out for them. In conclusion, when working in a nursery setting you are to be prepared to strongly communicate with everyone involved in your work to build that trust and respect. Not only verbally and just speaking but also thinking about how to speak and how to show your body language and facial expressions.

Social inequality in 1820s Essay examples -- essays papers

Social inequality in 1820s Social equality has been a goal of America since its very beginning. However, it was only an intention to be socially equal, but not a goal. Social equality or the fact that all men were created equal only applied to the white man. There was no intention in meaning that the blacks and Indians or even the women were equal. In the eyes of the delegates, and the common white majority, blacks, indians, and women were not an issue. To them, it was apparent that blacks were kids, Indians were savages, and women were homemakers. From the late 18th century to the mid 19th century was the greatest era of social and racial inequality in all American history. The Declaration of Independence states, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." This infamous passage written by Thomas Jefferson on July 4th, 1776, states that ALL men are created equal and are entitled to Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. Although this statement has been argued about its actual meaning hundreds of times by students, philosophers, historians, etc., it still is relevant in discussing the true intentions of the new nation. If all men were created equal then why were there slaves? Why did the government deny the Indians of their rights? Why was there so much injustice? That phrase simply meant that all free citizens were politically equal. This did not apply to blacks or women under the eyes of the signers. As time went by, the meaning "All Men are created equal" took a meaning different t han that of the common people in 1776. The years following the establishment of the new nation were times of refining and tuning of the new government. The question of the true meaning of "All Men are Created Equal" arised again and again until it influenced the minds of Americans that is was time for social equality. In order to understand the reasons why blacks were treated so cruelly and socially unequal is to understand the perspective of whites in the era from the late 18th century to the late 19th century. "It (the south) must pettify the institution and its own reactions, must begin to boast at its own Great Heart. To have heard them talk, indeed, you would have thought the sole reason ... ...m to move in the dead of winter. In other words, the Indians were said to have had rights, but never really had any because the American Government constantly changed the rules because of their lack of respect towards the Indians and their belief that they were inferior. In Conclusion, the period between the late 18th century to the mid 19th century was one of the most socially and racially unequal times in all of AMerican History. The rights described in our Declaration of Independence were irrelevant to minorities, the assumption that "All Men Are Created Equal" was only applied to white men and not minorities like Blacks and Indians. Blacks were treated like children in this period, thought to be inferior and uncivilized and therefore not even rights. Even worse, Indians were promised rights and land, only to have both stripped from them by the American government through means of "treaties", agreements, and war. This period was truly one of the most wrong and unequal periods of American History, however, it was a landmark in the creation of a new nation. While all these social inequalities existed, America flourished and grew to be one of the greatest nations in the world.

Policing in Kelsey Essay

The Police Department currently has an annual budget of $16,177,678. With the 15% budget cut, the mayor is requesting from the Police Department, that leaves a new annual budget of $14,235,356, a decrease of $1,941,322. The major change the will affect the fiscal cycle of this budget year is the decrease in the hiring of police officers. The City of Kelsey was in the process of hiring 10 new police officials to fill the 10 positions that were open, due to several retiring police officers and few police officers finding other employment. Now with the 15% budget cut, the City will not be filling those open positions, because saving the City $1,200,000. New maintenance and vehicle cost will also decrease, since not hiring the new officers. The last fiscal year the City manager allotted $150,000 for 5 new maintenance and vehicles cost for the hiring of the new police officers. As a budget director, I requested a 10% deduction through Police Union in wages or freeze the wages until the ne xt fiscal year, because saving $300,000. In addition, cutting 16 paid holidays a year will save the City a total of $400,000. The Police Union Committee advised the Union has only agreed to a 1% pay cut within the next fiscal year, which will save the City $30,000. The Committee has also agreed to 10 paid holidays a year instead of 16. This will save the City an annual $150,000 a year. The Chief of Police has agreed to cut the training by 80%. The City will save an annual budget of $125,000. With these cuts alone, the City will save $1,655,000 alone. Another proposal will cut community events/programs within the Since the City of Kelsey has an increase amount of criminal activity, it is the responsibility of the city to ensure that its citizens are safe. Kelsey should put this as the top  priority of every person on this board to ensure there is additional funding found so that additional police officer can be hired and trained. Police officers from lower crime areas can be moved to the higher crime areas but the police d epartment must ensure there is not an increase of crime in those areas with fewer police officers.

Explore the theme of danger with reference to the extracts from ‘Heart of Darkness’ and ‘Blood River’

Joseph Conrad’s ‘Heart of Darkness’ and Tim Butcher’s ‘Blood River’ both explore the theme of danger throughout. This is achieved through Conrad and Butcher’s choice of lexis. The extract from ‘Heart of Darkness’ is taken from chapter eleven. In this extract, Marlow and the rest of the crew of the steamboat are being attacked by the natives of the Congo. The extract from ‘Blood River’ is taken from chapter ten (Bend in the River).In this extract, Butcher describes how a child pickpocket is being attacked by an African mob. Both novels are written in 1st person, but ‘Heart of Darkness’ is fiction, whereas ‘Blood River’ is non-fiction. ‘Heart of Darkness’ was published in 1899 and ‘Blood River’ was published in 2007. The characterisation and narrative methods of the extracts are quite similar. In ‘Heart of Darkness’, Joseph Conrad gives a vivid image of how brutal the natives in the Congo might of been: â€Å"†¦Ã‚  the arrows came in swarms. They might have been poisoned†¦ †This suggests to the reader that in the Congo, nobody is fully aware of the harm they cause to others or cares about the consequences of their actions as long as it does not affect them and highlights the dangerous nature of the Congo environment. In ‘Blood River’, Tim Butcher gives a vivid image of violent life in the Congo: â€Å"†¦ the mob parted and there was the boy, with his arms twisted behind his back†.This implies to the reader of how punishment is taken very seriously in the Congo, even when it is a small child being involved and shows just how danger is so common, it comes naturally to the natives of the Congo. The contexts of the extracts are very different to each other. In ‘Heart of Darkness’, Conrad expresses to the reader that when the novel was published in 1899, life in the Congo was qu ite dangerous, so when Marlow is attacked by the natives, while on the steamboat, it came as a surprise for him, although the danger was known to him: â€Å"Arrows by Jove!  We were being shot at! †The use of the word ‘Jove’ emphasises to the reader that the attack came as a shock for Marlow and highlights the natives and their reaction to foreigners. In ‘Blood River’, Butcher expresses to the reader that at the moment, life in the Congo is different to what it was half a century ago, in the sense that people know more because of travel, news, etc, but the Congo itself has become more brutal and dangerous: â€Å"†¦ I had witnesses numerous times during my stint covering Africa†¦African mob justice was a terrifying thing. † This implies to the reader that the Congo has changed dramatically over time and that violence is now a common thing to occur. The contextual factors of the two texts are very different as they were written in di fferent times and so the historical backgrounds behind them are different. For example, when ‘Heart of Darkness’ was written, black men were called ‘niggers’ and it was thought to be normal to do so back then, but nowadays it would be an offence.In ‘Blood river’, Bucher mentions how violent mobs is a thing he has â€Å"witnessed numerous times†, but half a century ago was a very rare thing to find in the Congo. The genres of the texts are slightly different. ‘Heart of Darkness’ has a sense of danger and adventure throughout most of the novel: â€Å"The side of his head hit the wheel twice, and the end of what appeared a long cane clattered round and knocked over a little camp-stool. † This suggests to the reader that the novel has elements of danger in it and highlights the dangerous environment of the Congo.‘Blood River’ also has the same elements of danger imprinted in the novel, but is presented in an informational manner: â€Å"In Swahili, toleka means ‘let’s go’, so shouting ‘toleka, toleka’, I urged my peddler to find the Cohydro offices. †This suggests to the reader that the genre of Butcher’s novel is adventurous, but is laid out in a factual manner that might not be received in the same way as Conrad’s exciting manner of expressing danger in the Congo. The social, moral and political agendas of both texts are very different in the sense that the authors treat certain situations different morally.In ‘Heart of Darkness’, Marlow shows that he has morals when he navigates the steamboat to safety and tries to help his fellow crew members: â€Å"He stood before the wide opening, glaring, and I yelled at him to come back, while I straightened the sudden twist out of that steamboat. † This suggests to the reader that Marlow is heroic as he saves many lives during the attack on the steamboat. In ‘Blood R iver’, however, Tim Bucher seems to abandon his moral standards even though to help people in the Congo is considered pointless: â€Å"I was too preoccupied by my own emergency to worry about the boy’s plight.†This too emphasises the futility of the crisis in the Congo and highlights the dangerous nature of the Congo environment. The features of language change in the extracts are only slight. In ‘Heart of Darkness’, when Marlow and the steamboat crew are attacked by the natives, the language seems archaic to a modern reader in the sense that the language used is no longer in everyday use, but sometimes used to impart an old-fashioned flavour: â€Å"Arrows by Jove!†The use of the word ‘Jove’ shows the reader that the novel is very old-fashioned as nowadays we would use the expression ‘Oh my God! ’ instead. In ‘Blood River’, Butcher frequently uses modern language when explaining the dangers of the Congo: â€Å"The boy’s mouth was bleeding and the side of his face was squashed flat on the uneven concrete of the forecourt. It was a scene I had witnessed numerous times during my stint covering Africa.†The use of the contemporary word ‘stint’, which means ‘job’, suggests to the reader that Butcher is trying to sound more modern when explaining the brutality of the Congo and the dangerous nature of the Congo environment, and the casualness of the word highlights that violence is quite commonplace in the Congo. It could also suggest that Butcher is at ease when discussing African violence as he has come across so much of it in the past. In conclusion, both extracts of ‘Heart of Darkness’ and ‘Blood River’ explore the theme of danger in similar ways, but have different effects on the readers.For example, Conrad fictional writing, although based on true events, could be seen by the reader as just fiction and dangerous aspect s of the novel might not be as taken across as important as Butcher’s real expedition of the Congo and the dangers it contains. Both Conrad and Butcher have shown their own views of the Congo very carefully within the texts, to an extent where the reader can see the views of both authors as their own, and allowing them to see how dangerous the Congo environment really is.

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buy custom Business Modeling essay Simulation is the artificial representation of a practical exercise or a system. It entails testing the viability and feasibility of a process using a model before actual implementation, in order to understand real-life situations and conceptualize the whole operation from the starting to the ending points of the process, as well as the intended outcome of the process.Simulation occasionally necessitates that a process model be formulated before the actual simulation and the model is intended to denote the real physical features and activities of the practical process. Modelling encompasses the establishment of an abstract illustration of reality. The functions of modelling and simulation are to help the involved persons analyze and comprehend the perceived phenomena, test the hypotheses and theories held about the possibility of the intended exercise, assists in the forecast of systems behaviour when subjected to different situations and scenarios that can either be the existing conditions and simulated practice carried out to support decision-making. Modelling and simulation are also to enable discoveries of new functioning methods and data phenomena that are supported by distinctive abilities of computer experiments. 1.1Literature Review This paper focuses on the simulation and modelling involving a registration process comprising 1000 students who are expected to register in different societies during Societies Day. Students are expected to sign up in at least one of the five available societies within 8 hours. The societies include Film Society, Football Society, Water Sports Society, Information Society and Extreme Ironing Society. Currently, the society preference profile of the distribution of the students signing up is as follows: Film Society 28%, Football Society 34%, Water-sports Society 28%, Information Society 5% and Extreme Ironing Society taking 5%. This, therefore, means that there will be more students queuing up to sign up in football, film and water sports societies respectively than those projected to sign up in Information and Extreme Ironing societies. Consequently, it is important for the society manager to note that there is a need for more volunteers to ensure that the students do not line up f or long before they are registered in their societies of choice. This simulation and modelling seeks to experiment and identify the best model of registering students if: (1) a single queue is used for all the students with one volunteer hired to carry out the registration; (2) if separate registration points are set for different societies with multiple volunteers in each station. By the end of this simulation and modelling, the society manager will be in a position to tell the best method to use and how many people are required to serve students signing up in each of the societies. This article presents background material on simulation, its relation to modelling, the technology of simulation, and some practical applications in simulation model development. It also looks into how useful simulation modelling is in resource planning for process. 2. Model Development Simulation Data Simulation Run 1 day (8 hours) Number of Students 1000 Inter-Arrival Time (fixed) 0.40 Society Preference Profile Film Society 28% Football Society 34% Water Sports Society 28% Information Society 5% Extreme Ironing Society 5% Time to Register (min) Film Society 9 Football Society 15 Water Sports Society 11 Information Society 14 Extreme Ironing Society 20 2.1 Model I: One Queue for All Societies Overview This is where the manager opts to use one volunteer sitting in one working station and one queue to register all the 1000 students. The volunteer will hold all the forms required to register for all the societies, and will be choosing the right form to use depending on the client at the desk. This means that the registration officer will be shifting from one type of registration form to the next, and this is likely to take much time between each client other than high possibility of making errors. Depending on the simulation data and the number of hours set for the exercise, it is clear that a day will end without the 340 students meant to join a football society finishing signing up. The process will be like the model shown below. 2.2 Model II: Single Queue for Each Society Overview In this model, the registration manager will separate the societies by having five registration points, each covering a specific society. For example, there will be five tables in this process where Film Society, Football Society, Water Sports Society, Information Society and Extreme Ironing Society will have a table, each without mixing the students. Every table will contain only the relevant forms for signing up, which may in turn improve efficiency and the turnaround time to utilize the limited registration time available. It is possible for the registration volunteers to take only the planned time per client. Depending on the preference profile, this model will consider hiring two volunteers to handle registration for the students intended to sign up for the football society. This will make their registration be complete in four hours instead of eight, if done by a single person, and it will ensure that the whole process of signing up is finished in less than eight hours. The mod el below outlines the process. 3. Discussion Considering the two models, Model I will consume much time to sign up all the students than Model II. It means that not all students will be registered within the eight hours allocated for the process. This is due to the higher number of students willing to sign up for a football society, each taking 15 minutes and consequently translating to 8 hours 30 minutes to finish the registration. This is above the time limit given. This means that two students will be signed up the following day, if such an arrangement is made, despite them standing in line for the whole day. Similarly, there are high chances of making errors during the registration process by either forms mixing up or the volunteer signing up students in societies other than their choice. 4. Reflection: How Useful is Simulation Modelling for Resource Planning Process Simulation is a tool that is used to manage change by identifying the possible challenges that can be experienced in an actual process, and is a way of accelerating change, owing to the fact that all the foreseen limitations and barriers are addressed before implementation.Simulation has the ability to clarify the reasons why one model is chosen but not the other. For example, in this case, it provides reasons for why model II is preferred to model I, and shows how the answer was arrived at through the calculation of the time spent on each student, dividing by the number of hours allocated. This method led to the determination of the number of volunteers needed to efficiently fulfill the task. Simulation also helps in tracing the process and the intended outcomes, as well as enabling the society manager to generate clarifications for the decisions made. Simulation is an element of a business rule that drives operations of a business, system or process. It provides a solution to both on-line and off-line on-going management problems by making decisions that help in forecasting the impact of the change. Formalizing and experimenting with the models make the automation of system and business regulations more widespread. In the design of new business rules, simulation gives a chance to confirm that processes will be implemented as designed. Simulation permits effective utilization of organizational advancement programs, such as the use of Six Sigma. The activities of defining, measuring, analysing, improving, and controlling depend on the solemn participation of all the parties involved to ensure that quality is achieved.The last three elements that entail analysis, improvement and control are concerned with the identification of causes of the system, developing new procedures and practices to run the process, and setting controls mechanisms in place that ensure high quality is maintained.Equally, simulation plays a significant role in minimizing the risk of change by managing change. Benefits of Simulation and Modelling Simulation and modelling in this case is beneficial for control of the signing up process, for it ensures that all students line up to have an orderly exercise. It also helps in compressing time,by ensuring that less time is consumed in the process, such as in the case with registering football society members when registration time was reduced from 8 hours to 4 hours. If this simulation modelling had not been put in place, the society manager would have been engaged in a tiring and incomplete exercise. Or he would have had to hire more registration officers than was initially required. It also helps in experimentation where sensitive analysis is made based on the outcomes of the two processes, and leads to a guided decision on which model is the best. Modelling offer training to the members involved, since it helps the concerned parties to conceptualise the actual process before implementation. Apart from the benefits, simulation also allows the society manager to learn and investigate the practice by using a system that offers a more insightful experience. It helps the manager notice how results change with the change of the system, and gives deep understanding of the link between the key areas of the process, which in this case is an accurate, timely and cost-effective exercise.Investigation of the viability and practicability of the process is also done before actual implementation, thus enabling the manager to train the six volunteers to be conversant with the flow of registration process. This makes them be mentally prepared to the long hours they are expected to work. Disadvantages of Simulation and Modelling Simulation and modelling also has its limitations that include consumption of time and money to formulate models and experiment. These models took several hours that could have been utilized in other areas. Costly expertise is another limitation, since the six staff members to carry out the signing up procedure are hired, and this requires analysis of the simulation data to be able to come up with the best process.The models imitate interactions of events of demand, planning of service measures, planning for the supply of human resources needed in the process, attrition of resources, and execution of service orders to appraise business performance. The models approximate serviceability, quality, costs, and benefits of the societies to the students.Similarly, the models are employed in evaluating efficacy of several analyses, resource management and policies, which allow for integration of the components of the framework. Simulation Modelling for Resource Planning for Process Improvement Supply Planning of Resources The simulation analysis of the queuing period and the signing up process led to the decision being made on human resource allocation. The aim of the experiment was to condense the amount of time students will take for signing up, as well as improve general service delivery. For the registration in the societies, the simulation and modelling allowed the manager to realise that six volunteers were needed to efficiently register the 1000 students, and two more volunteers were needed to handle students registering for the football society. This was due to the analysis forecasting that one registration officer would take more than a day to finish the process, unlike in other societies where it could be finished within the allocated 8 hours.The group was, therefore, allocated two officers to efficiently finish the work and improve the quality of the process. The responsibility of supply planning is to carry out Resource Capacity Planning (RCP) that ensures that there are no shortages or su rpluses in the allocation of resources. Demand Planning of Service Engagements Demand planning creates estimated demand by assigning a type to a service product line, depending on the time allocation and the size of demand. In this case, the society preferences profile forecast high demand for the football, film and water sports societies, thus leading to the planning for higher allocation of human resource and other materials, such as work stations and stationery for the registration of a football society as a product line. This forecasting could be a result of the past demand patterns or projected business growth and commitment opportunities. Conclusion Simulation and modelling involves artificial imitation of a real life process through experimentation. This is a very important exercise that allows the involved parties to forecast and test the practicability of the system or the process before the actual implementationSimulation and modelling in this case concerns a registration process that comprises 1000 students who are expected to register in different societies during Societies Day. Students are expected to sign up in at least one of the five available societies within 8 hours which include Film Society, Football Society, Water Sports Society, Information Society and Extreme Ironing Society. Two models will be utilized whereby the society manager uses one queue and one volunteer, and another model whereby each society uses separate queues. This process is beneficial for control, time compressing, training and resource planning, as well as allocation for process improvements. Buy custom Business Modeling essay

Should I Study One of These Highest Paying College Majors

Should I Study One of These Highest Paying College Majors SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the primary reasons people go to college is to be able to eventually land a stable job that offers a quality income. However, not all college degrees are created equally. Some majors usually lead to jobs that pay extremely well, and some majors often lead to jobs that don't. In this article, I'll go overthe toppaying majors. Additionally, I'll explain how much the pursuit of money should influence your choice of major and how to make a decent living regardless of what you study in college. Why Do Certain Majors Make More Money? Basically, certain majors qualify you for jobs in more lucrative fields. Engineers and pharmacists earn high incomes; therefore, those who major in engineering and pharmacy tend to end up with well-paying jobs. Conversely, teachers and social workers make lower incomes, so those who major in education or social work usually make less money. Certain occupations offer higher incomes for a variety of reasons. There are market influences, where some jobs have a high demand and a low supply of qualified workers. If a job requires highly specialized skills that few people possess, it will also usually pay relatively well. Additionally, if a job is dangerous or demands long hours, it will often offer a higherincome to provide an incentive for people to be willing to do the work. The Highest Paying College Majors In 2015, the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce published an extensive report on the economic value of college majors. My statistics come from that report. The report’s numbers were derived from US Census Data information from 2013. Starting salaries are the median annual wages of college graduates ages 21-24. Mid-career salaries are annual wages for college graduates ages 25-59. Top 13 TopPaying Majors Most of the top 13 highest paying majors are in engineering. The majors are ranked by the median annual wages of college-educated workers (ages 25-59). This petroleum engineer is probably making bank. (Eni/Flickr) Major Mid-Career Salary 1. Petroleum Engineering $136,000 2. Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration $113,000 3. Metallurgical Engineering $98,000 4. Mining and Mineral Engineering $97,000 5. Chemical Engineering $96,000 6. Electrical Engineering $93,000 7. Aerospace Engineering $90,000 8. Mechanical Engineering $87,000 8. Computer Engineering $87,000 8. Geological and Geophysical Engineering $87,000 11. Computer Science $83,000 11. Civil Engineering $83,000 11. Applied Mathematics $83,000 Highest Paying Majors by Major Group Here are the top 11 highest-paying major groups ranked by mid-career earnings. Major groups are more general subjects, and multiple majors are within each group. For example, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering all fall under the architecture and engineering major category. Economics, linguistics, sociology, and psychology are considered social sciences. English, art history, and philosophy are examples of humanities and liberal arts majors. Major Group Starting Salary Mid-Career Salary 1. Architecture and Engineering $50,000 $83,000 2. Computers, Statistics, and Mathematics $43,000 $76,000 3. Health $41,000 $65,000 3. Business $37,000 $65,000 3. Physical Sciences $32,000 $65,000 6. Social Sciences $33,000 $60,000 7. Agriculture and Natural Resources $30,000 $56,000 7. Biology and Life Sciences $29,000 $56,000 9. Communications and Journalism $31,000 $54,000 9. Law and Public Policy $31,000 $54,000 11. Humanities and Liberal Arts $30,000 $52,000 If these kids study computer science, they'll be able to support me in my old age. What If You’re Not Interested in Engineering? Are You Destined for Destitution? The short answer is no. You can make a good living regardless of your major. First, no matter your major, you’re likely to earn more than somebody with just a high school diploma. The average education major earns $45,000 annually while the average high school graduate makes $36,000. Also, there is a great deal of variation in the incomes within major groups. Humanities and liberal arts majors have a 25% chance of earning at least $75,000. In fact, the top quarter of humanities and liberal arts graduates earn more than the bottom quarter of architecture and engineering graduates. Additionally, regardless of your major, getting a graduate degree will increase your earning potential. The median wage for a journalism major with a graduate degree is $71,000. That’s only $5,000 less than the median wage of all STEM degree holders. Graduate degree holders who majored in history earn $80,000 annually, $4,000 more than the median wage of all STEM majors. If you want to earn more money, irrespective of your major, you should focus on acquiring work experience in your field, getting good grades, and forming relationships with your bosses and mentors who will be able to provide you with outstanding references. If you make yourself an exceptionally qualified candidate for a job, you'll be able to make a higher salary. How Much Should Potential Future Earnings Impact Your Choice of Major? Personally, I believe it’s fine to consider earning potential when deciding your major, but your passions and interests should primarily determine what you study in college. If you’re deciding between more than one major that interests you, you can use wage statistics to help influence your decision. It's naive to think that money doesn’t matter at all. If, in the future, you want to buy a house, raise a family, go on vacations, and send your kids to college, you’re going to need to make a good living to do those things. In Los Angeles, where I live, the current median home sale price is $593,750. If you want to get a home in LA, you’re going to need to make significantly more than the average humanities and liberal arts major. However, generally, you’re going to be happiest and most successful if you study something you’re good at and enjoy. If you decide to major in petroleum engineering just because you want to make a lot of money, your decision could backfire. If you have no interest in the subject, you may struggle to graduate or advance in your future career. Or you may find the subject boring and end up wanting to switch careers when you're older. Furthermore, if you study something you truly enjoy, you'll be more likely to want to pursue a graduate degree and commit yourself to reaching the highest level in your field. Remember that there's a great deal of income variation within major groups. If you're at the top of your profession, you'll probably make good money, and, undoubtedly, you're going to have a much a better chance to excel in a field you're passionate about. Finally, there are factors other than money that are good reasons to choose a major or career. Many people are willing to sacrifice some money for a sense of fulfillment or to do something they really enjoy. Most education majors are aware they'll probably never be among the wealthiest people, but they feel compelled to teach or influence education policy. They see value in what they're doing and are motivated by more than just money. You have to decide what's most important to you. What's Next? Learn if where you go to college impacts how much money you'll make. Going to college will enable you to make more money, but college can be extremely expensive. If you want to decrease the cost of attending college, check out our articles on how to find scholarships and understand the financial aid process. Do you want to go to college for free? Find out how to get a full ride scholarship. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Declaration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Declaration - Essay Example ? was affected as a means of avoiding a schism that would necessarily diminished the overall level of support that the newly formed â€Å"United States† could engender from its southern states. From an analysis of the texts provided, it is clear and apparent that the reaction to the Declaration of Independence within the United States was not quite as it has been presented throughout successive American history courses. By and large, the Declaration of Independence went largely unnoticed and unheralded; due to the fact that bloodshed and hostility had already existed for the period of over a year between the British Empire and the colonial revolutionaries (Maier 3). As such, the overall impact of such a document was somewhat secondary to the realities of the strategic battles that were occurring within the colonies at the time. This is not to state that the Declaration of Independence was somehow unimportant; rather, with respect to the day-to-day life of the average American, the outcome of the war and the realities of the conflict were of much greater importance. Interestingly, the reaction to the Declaration of Independence throughout the world came in many different forms. For instance, European empires were fearful of the publication of the Declaration of Independence within their respective languages and/4 within their respective populations. This was obviously due to the fact that they feared that such a level of enlightenment thinking with regards to the innate and tacit rights of mankind would inspire similar acts of rebellion against their own assets throughout the world. However, notwithstanding this fact, the reaction to the enlightenment thinking of the Declaration of Independence spread rather quickly throughout (Armitage 31) Europe. It ultimately reached as far away as Warsaw within only a few months after its initial publication. By and large, the European response to the Declaration of Independence was one that was incredulous and curious with